diff --git a/PROJECT_CONTEXT.md b/PROJECT_CONTEXT.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2bc6a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/PROJECT_CONTEXT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+CA/PKI Backend Project Context
+Stack
+
+Python 3 + psycopg (dict_row cursors)
+
+PostgreSQL database: ca
+
+Unit tests: unittest (python3 -m unittest discover)
+
+Database Schema (current assumptions)
+entity
+
+id INT identity PK
+
+creation_ts TIMESTAMPTZ default now()
+
+creator INT FK → entity(id) (the entity that created this one; nullable)
+
+name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
+
+type VARCHAR(...) NOT NULL (e.g. person, group, device, alias)
+
+public_key VARCHAR(300) NOT NULL
+
+symmetrical_key VARCHAR(100) NULL
+
+status VARCHAR(...) NOT NULL default 'active' (values: 'active', 'revoked')
+
+expiration DATE NULL
+
+Index on entity(name) (and other indexes as needed)
+
+group_member
+
+group_id INT FK → entity(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+
+member_id INT FK → entity(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+
+role VARCHAR(10)
+
+PK (group_id, member_id)
+
+Index (member_id, group_id)
+
+Groups can contain any entity type, including other groups and devices.
+
+property
+
+Columns: (id INT FK → entity(id), property_name VARCHAR(100))
+
+PK (id, property_name)
+
+Used for flags/roles such as "creator"
+
+metadata
+
+Intended “singleton row” table, enforced at application level
+
+Columns: name, comment, private_key, public_key
+
+log
+
+id SERIAL PK
+
+ts TIMESTAMPTZ default now()
+
+entry TEXT NOT NULL
+
+Every API mutation must log one row here.
+
+Core Business Rules
+
+Creators are not an entity type
+
+creator is a property (property_name='creator') on a person entity.
+
+insert_creator() creates a person entity and inserts the creator property.
+
+Revoked entities are immutable
+
+Any mutation on an entity requires ensure_entity_active(cursor, entity_id).
+
+Revoked entities cannot:
+
+Join groups or accept members
+
+Add/delete properties
+
+Change keys (public_key, symmetrical_key)
+
+Change status again
+
+Logging
+
+All changes to entity, group_member, property, metadata must call log_change(cursor, "...")
+
+Logging happens inside the same transaction (no extra commits).
+
+Python Modules (current structure)
+
+ca_core/entity.py
+
+Must provide:
+
+ensure_entity_active(cursor, entity_id)
+
+insert_creator(cursor, name, public_key)
+
+enroll_person(cursor, name, public_key, creator_id)
+
+create_group(cursor, name, public_key, creator_id)
+
+create_alias(cursor, target_entity_id)
+
+get_entity(cursor, entity_id)
+
+set_entity_status(cursor, entity_id, status, changed_by) (requires active entity)
+
+set_entity_keys(cursor, entity_id, public_key, changed_by) (active-only)
+
+set_symmetrical_key(cursor, entity_id, key, changed_by) (active-only)
+
+get_symmetrical_key(cursor, entity_id)
+
+ca_core/group_member.py
+
+Uses member_id (not person_id)
+
+Must prevent adding revoked groups/members (via ensure_entity_active)
+
+Logs add/remove membership
+
+ca_core/property.py
+
+Table is property(id, property_name) (NOT entity_id/name)
+
+Must reject mutations if entity revoked (immutability)
+
+Logs set/delete property
+
+ca_core/metadata.py
+
+Updates metadata fields and logs changes
+
+ca_core/db_logging.py
+
+log_change(cursor, message: str) inserts into log(entry)
+
+Tests
+
+tests/test_entity.py, tests/test_group.py, tests/test_property.py, tests/test_metadata.py
+
+Tests verify:
+
+Core behaviors (create, enroll, group membership, revoke immutability)
+
+Log entry is created for mutations (case-insensitive substring checks)
+
+Run via:
+
+python3 -m unittest discover
+
+Known gotchas
+
+Avoid naming a module logging.py (conflicts with stdlib). Use db_logging.py.
+
+Schema and code must stay aligned (e.g., property.id/property_name, group_member.member_id).
diff --git a/ca_core/__pycache__/entity.cpython-313.pyc b/ca_core/__pycache__/entity.cpython-313.pyc
index 9fe9993..78268d1 100644
Binary files a/ca_core/__pycache__/entity.cpython-313.pyc and b/ca_core/__pycache__/entity.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/ca_core/__pycache__/metadata.cpython-313.pyc b/ca_core/__pycache__/metadata.cpython-313.pyc
index c13f1fa..69bac03 100644
Binary files a/ca_core/__pycache__/metadata.cpython-313.pyc and b/ca_core/__pycache__/metadata.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/ca_core/__pycache__/property.cpython-313.pyc b/ca_core/__pycache__/property.cpython-313.pyc
index 0821302..c414d69 100644
Binary files a/ca_core/__pycache__/property.cpython-313.pyc and b/ca_core/__pycache__/property.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/ca_core/entity.py b/ca_core/entity.py
index 89fbdf8..8c565be 100644
--- a/ca_core/entity.py
+++ b/ca_core/entity.py
@@ -14,14 +14,25 @@ def ensure_entity_active(cursor, entity_id):
         raise ValueError("Entity is not active")
 
 
+def _validate_ca_reference_for_group(ca_reference):
+    if ca_reference is None:
+        raise ValueError("ca_reference is required for groups")
+    if not isinstance(ca_reference, str):
+        raise ValueError("ca_reference must be a string")
+    if len(ca_reference) == 0:
+        raise ValueError("ca_reference cannot be empty")
+    if len(ca_reference) > 100:
+        raise ValueError("ca_reference must be at most 100 characters")
+
+
 def insert_creator(cursor, name, public_key):
     """
     Creators are persons with property 'creator' in the property table.
     """
     cursor.execute(
         """
-        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, public_key, status)
-        VALUES (%s, 'person', %s, 'active')
+        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, public_key, status, ca_reference)
+        VALUES (%s, 'person', %s, 'active', NULL)
         RETURNING id
         """,
         (name, public_key),
@@ -47,8 +58,8 @@ def enroll_person(cursor, name, public_key, creator_id):
 
     cursor.execute(
         """
-        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, public_key, creator, status)
-        VALUES (%s, 'person', %s, %s, 'active')
+        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, public_key, creator, status, ca_reference)
+        VALUES (%s, 'person', %s, %s, 'active', NULL)
         RETURNING id
         """,
         (name, public_key, creator_id),
@@ -59,38 +70,25 @@ def enroll_person(cursor, name, public_key, creator_id):
     return person_id
 
 
-def create_group(cursor, name, public_key, creator_id):
+def create_group(cursor, name, public_key, creator_id, ca_reference):
     ensure_entity_active(cursor, creator_id)
+    _validate_ca_reference_for_group(ca_reference)
 
     cursor.execute(
         """
-        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, public_key, creator, status)
-        VALUES (%s, 'group', %s, %s, 'active')
+        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, public_key, creator, status, ca_reference)
+        VALUES (%s, 'group', %s, %s, 'active', %s)
         RETURNING id
         """,
-        (name, public_key, creator_id),
+        (name, public_key, creator_id, ca_reference),
     )
     group_id = cursor.fetchone()["id"]
 
-    log_change(cursor, f"Created group {group_id} under creator {creator_id}")
-    return group_id
-
-
-def create_alias(cursor, target_entity_id):
-    ensure_entity_active(cursor, target_entity_id)
-
-    cursor.execute(
-        """
-        INSERT INTO entity (name, type, creator, status)
-        VALUES (%s, 'alias', %s, 'active')
-        RETURNING id
-        """,
-        (f"alias_for_{target_entity_id}", target_entity_id),
+    log_change(
+        cursor,
+        f"Created group {group_id} under creator {creator_id} with ca_reference {ca_reference}",
     )
-    alias_id = cursor.fetchone()["id"]
-
-    log_change(cursor, f"Created alias {alias_id} for entity {target_entity_id}")
-    return alias_id
+    return group_id
 
 
 def get_entity(cursor, entity_id):
diff --git a/ca_core/metadata.py b/ca_core/metadata.py
index ce1cb20..cf301a5 100644
--- a/ca_core/metadata.py
+++ b/ca_core/metadata.py
@@ -54,3 +54,24 @@ def get_private_key(cursor):
     row = cursor.fetchone()
     return row["private_key"] if row else None
 
+
+def set_defense_p(cursor, defense_p: bool):
+    """Set the metadata defense_p flag.
+
+    This table is treated as a singleton row at the application level.
+    Current convention in this codebase is to wipe and re-insert.
+    """
+    cursor.execute("DELETE FROM metadata")
+    cursor.execute(
+        "INSERT INTO metadata (defense_p) VALUES (%s)",
+        (defense_p,)
+    )
+    log_change(cursor, f"Updated metadata defense_p to {defense_p}")
+
+
+def get_defense_p(cursor) -> bool:
+    cursor.execute("SELECT defense_p FROM metadata LIMIT 1")
+    row = cursor.fetchone()
+    if not row or row["defense_p"] is None:
+        return False
+    return bool(row["defense_p"])
diff --git a/ca_core/property.py b/ca_core/property.py
index 9b91627..bf52d73 100644
--- a/ca_core/property.py
+++ b/ca_core/property.py
@@ -2,25 +2,71 @@ from db_logging import log_change
 from entity import ensure_entity_active
 
 
-def set_property(cursor, entity_id, property_name):
+def _validate_validation_policy(validation_policy: str) -> str:
+    if validation_policy is None:
+        return "default"
+    if not isinstance(validation_policy, str):
+        raise TypeError("validation_policy must be a string")
+    vp = validation_policy.strip()
+    if not vp:
+        raise ValueError("validation_policy cannot be empty")
+    if len(vp) > 19:
+        raise ValueError("validation_policy must be at most 19 characters")
+    return vp
+
+
+def _validate_source(source):
+    if source is None:
+        return None
+    if not isinstance(source, str):
+        raise TypeError("source must be a string or None")
+    s = source.strip()
+    if len(s) > 150:
+        raise ValueError("source must be at most 150 characters")
+    # Allow empty string -> treat as NULL for cleanliness
+    return s if s else None
+
+
+def set_property(cursor, entity_id, property_name, validation_policy="default", source=None):
     """
-    Revoked entities are immutable: cannot add properties.
-    Schema: property(id, property_name)
+    Revoked entities are immutable: cannot add/update properties.
+
+    Schema: property(id, property_name, validation_policy, source)
+      - validation_policy: CHAR(19) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'default'
+      - source: VARCHAR(150) NULL
     """
     ensure_entity_active(cursor, entity_id)
 
+    if not isinstance(property_name, str) or not property_name.strip():
+        raise ValueError("property_name must be a non-empty string")
+    if len(property_name) > 100:
+        raise ValueError("property_name must be at most 100 characters")
+
+    vp = _validate_validation_policy(validation_policy)
+    src = _validate_source(source)
+
     cursor.execute(
         """
-        INSERT INTO property (id, property_name)
-        VALUES (%s, %s)
-        ON CONFLICT (id, property_name) DO NOTHING
+        INSERT INTO property (id, property_name, validation_policy, source)
+        VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)
+        ON CONFLICT (id, property_name)
+        DO UPDATE SET
+            validation_policy = EXCLUDED.validation_policy,
+            source = EXCLUDED.source
         """,
-        (entity_id, property_name),
+        (entity_id, property_name, vp, src),
+    )
+    log_change(
+        cursor,
+        f"Set property '{property_name}' for entity {entity_id} "
+        f"(validation_policy={vp}, source={src})",
     )
-    log_change(cursor, f"Set property '{property_name}' for entity {entity_id}")
 
 
 def get_properties(cursor, entity_id):
+    """
+    Returns a list of property_name values for the entity.
+    """
     cursor.execute(
         "SELECT property_name FROM property WHERE id = %s",
         (entity_id,),
@@ -29,6 +75,22 @@ def get_properties(cursor, entity_id):
     return [r["property_name"] for r in rows]
 
 
+def get_property(cursor, entity_id, property_name):
+    """
+    Returns a dict_row with keys: property_name, validation_policy, source
+    or None if not found.
+    """
+    cursor.execute(
+        """
+        SELECT property_name, validation_policy, source
+        FROM property
+        WHERE id = %s AND property_name = %s
+        """,
+        (entity_id, property_name),
+    )
+    return cursor.fetchone()
+
+
 def delete_property(cursor, entity_id, property_name):
     """
     Revoked entities are immutable: cannot delete properties.
diff --git a/create_tables.sql b/create_tables.sql
index 68ace05..e578d3d 100644
--- a/create_tables.sql
+++ b/create_tables.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 -- ------------------------
--- Metadata
+-- Metadata (singleton row; enforced at application level)
 -- ------------------------
 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS metadata;
 
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ CREATE TABLE metadata(
     name VARCHAR(50),
     comment VARCHAR(200),
     private_key VARCHAR(500),
-    public_key VARCHAR(500)
+    public_key VARCHAR(500),
+    defense_p BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false
 );
 
 -- ------------------------
@@ -23,8 +24,14 @@ CREATE TABLE entity(
     type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,           -- person, group, device
     symmetrical_key VARCHAR(100),
     public_key VARCHAR(300) NOT NULL,
+    ca_reference VARCHAR(100),
     status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'active',
-    expiration DATE
+    expiration DATE,
+    CONSTRAINT entity_ca_reference_check CHECK (
+        (type = 'group' AND ca_reference IS NOT NULL)
+        OR
+        (type <> 'group' AND ca_reference IS NULL)
+    )
 );
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_entity_name ON entity(name);
@@ -50,7 +57,9 @@ DROP TABLE IF EXISTS property;
 
 CREATE TABLE property(
     id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES entity(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-    property_name VARCHAR(100),
+    property_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    validation_policy CHAR(19) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'default',
+    source VARCHAR(150),
     PRIMARY KEY (id, property_name)
 );
 
@@ -66,4 +75,3 @@ CREATE TABLE log(
 );
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_log_ts ON log(ts);
-
diff --git a/create_tables.sql.old b/create_tables.sql.old
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e59690..0000000
--- a/create_tables.sql.old
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-drop table metadata;
-
-create table metadata(
-   name varchar(50),
-   comment varchar(200),
-   private_key varchar(500),
-   public_key varchar(500)
-);
-
-insert into metadata default vALUES;
-
-drop table entity cascade;
-
-create table entity(
-   id INT GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
-   creation_ts TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now(),
-   creator INT REFERENCES entity(id),
-   name varchar(100) NOT NULL,
-   group_p BOOLEAN NOT NULL,
-   geo_offset BIGINT,
-   --private_key VARCHAR(300) NOT NULL,
-   public_key VARCHAR(300) NOT NULL,
-   expiration DATE,
-   status VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'active'
-
-
-);
-
-CREATE INDEX idx_entity_name ON entity(name);
-
-drop table group_member;
-
-create table group_member(
-   group_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES entity(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-   person_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES entity(id)  ON DELETE CASCADE,
-   role VARCHAR(10),
-   PRIMARY KEY (group_id,person_id)
-);
-
-CREATE INDEX idx_group_member_person_group ON group_member(person_id, group_id);
-
-drop table property;
-
-create table property(
-   id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES entity(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-   property_name VARCHAR(100),
-   PRIMARY KEY (id, property_name)
-);
diff --git a/tests/__pycache__/test_entity.cpython-313.pyc b/tests/__pycache__/test_entity.cpython-313.pyc
index 461cf8b..f39ebef 100644
Binary files a/tests/__pycache__/test_entity.cpython-313.pyc and b/tests/__pycache__/test_entity.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/__pycache__/test_group.cpython-313.pyc b/tests/__pycache__/test_group.cpython-313.pyc
index e79ac2f..d411805 100644
Binary files a/tests/__pycache__/test_group.cpython-313.pyc and b/tests/__pycache__/test_group.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/__pycache__/test_metadata.cpython-313.pyc b/tests/__pycache__/test_metadata.cpython-313.pyc
index bcf6b50..f93a2b3 100644
Binary files a/tests/__pycache__/test_metadata.cpython-313.pyc and b/tests/__pycache__/test_metadata.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/__pycache__/test_property.cpython-313.pyc b/tests/__pycache__/test_property.cpython-313.pyc
index 5662eae..73d4330 100644
Binary files a/tests/__pycache__/test_property.cpython-313.pyc and b/tests/__pycache__/test_property.cpython-313.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/test_entity.py b/tests/test_entity.py
index 40b4fea..a0bb359 100644
--- a/tests/test_entity.py
+++ b/tests/test_entity.py
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class TestEntityFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator1", "pubkey1")
         row = entity.get_entity(self.cur, creator_id)
         self.assertEqual(row["name"], "Creator1")
+        self.assertIsNone(row["ca_reference"])
 
         log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
         self.assertIn("creator entity", log_entry)
@@ -47,17 +48,30 @@ class TestEntityFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator2", "pubkey2")
         person_id = entity.enroll_person(self.cur, "Person1", "pubkey_person", creator_id)
 
+        row = entity.get_entity(self.cur, person_id)
+        self.assertIsNone(row["ca_reference"])
+
         log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
         self.assertIn("enrolled person", log_entry)
         self.assertIn(str(person_id), log_entry)
 
-    def test_create_group(self):
+    def test_create_group_requires_ca_reference(self):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator3", "pubkey3")
-        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "Group1", "pubkey_group", creator_id)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            entity.create_group(self.cur, "GroupMissingRef", "pubkey_group", creator_id, None)
+
+    def test_create_group_sets_ca_reference(self):
+        creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator4", "pubkey4")
+        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "Group1", "pubkey_group", creator_id, "CA-REF-1")
+
+        row = entity.get_entity(self.cur, group_id)
+        self.assertEqual(row["ca_reference"], "CA-REF-1")
 
         log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
         self.assertIn("created group", log_entry)
         self.assertIn(str(group_id), log_entry)
+        self.assertIn("ca-ref-1".lower(), log_entry)
 
     def test_set_and_get_symmetrical_key(self):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "CreatorSym", "pubkey_sym")
@@ -68,4 +82,3 @@ class TestEntityFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
 
         log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
         self.assertIn("symmetrical_key", log_entry)
-
diff --git a/tests/test_group.py b/tests/test_group.py
index 1984922..3452ad7 100644
--- a/tests/test_group.py
+++ b/tests/test_group.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class TestGroupFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_add_and_get_members(self):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator1", "pubkey1")
         person_id = entity.enroll_person(self.cur, "Person1", "pubkey_person", creator_id)
-        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "Group1", "pubkey_group", creator_id)
+        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "Group1", "pubkey_group", creator_id, "CA-GROUP-1")
 
         group_member.add_group_member(self.cur, group_id, person_id, "member")
 
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ class TestGroupFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_nested_groups(self):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator2", "pubkey2")
-        parent_group = entity.create_group(self.cur, "ParentGroup", "pubkey_parent", creator_id)
-        child_group = entity.create_group(self.cur, "ChildGroup", "pubkey_child", creator_id)
+        parent_group = entity.create_group(self.cur, "ParentGroup", "pubkey_parent", creator_id, "CA-PARENT")
+        child_group = entity.create_group(self.cur, "ChildGroup", "pubkey_child", creator_id, "CA-CHILD")
 
         group_member.add_group_member(self.cur, parent_group, child_group, "subgroup")
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class TestGroupFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_revoked_group_cannot_accept_members(self):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator3", "pubkey3")
-        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "RevokedGroup", "pubkey_group", creator_id)
+        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "RevokedGroup", "pubkey_group", creator_id, "CA-REVOKED-GROUP")
         person_id = entity.enroll_person(self.cur, "Person2", "pubkey_person", creator_id)
 
         entity.set_entity_status(self.cur, group_id, "revoked", creator_id)
@@ -79,11 +79,10 @@ class TestGroupFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_revoked_member_cannot_be_added(self):
         creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "Creator4", "pubkey4")
-        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "ActiveGroup", "pubkey_group", creator_id)
+        group_id = entity.create_group(self.cur, "ActiveGroup", "pubkey_group", creator_id, "CA-ACTIVE-GROUP")
         person_id = entity.enroll_person(self.cur, "RevokedPerson", "pubkey_person", creator_id)
 
         entity.set_entity_status(self.cur, person_id, "revoked", creator_id)
 
         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
             group_member.add_group_member(self.cur, group_id, person_id, "member")
-
diff --git a/tests/test_metadata.py b/tests/test_metadata.py
index d93cc8e..3ac95c2 100644
--- a/tests/test_metadata.py
+++ b/tests/test_metadata.py
@@ -58,3 +58,9 @@ class TestMetadataFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
         log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
         self.assertIn("metadata keys", log_entry)
 
+    def test_set_and_get_defense_p(self):
+        metadata.set_defense_p(self.cur, True)
+        self.assertEqual(metadata.get_defense_p(self.cur), True)
+
+        log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
+        self.assertIn("defense_p", log_entry)
diff --git a/tests/test_property.py b/tests/test_property.py
index 87d3027..a472947 100644
--- a/tests/test_property.py
+++ b/tests/test_property.py
@@ -52,6 +52,12 @@ class TestPropertyFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
         props = property.get_properties(self.cur, person_id)
         self.assertIn("prop1", props)
 
+        details = property.get_property(self.cur, person_id, "prop1")
+        self.assertIsNotNone(details)
+        # CHAR(19) is space-padded in PostgreSQL; strip for comparison.
+        self.assertEqual(details["validation_policy"].strip(), "default")
+        self.assertIsNone(details["source"])
+
         log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
         self.assertIn("set property", log_entry)
         self.assertIn("prop1", log_entry)
@@ -76,6 +82,32 @@ class TestPropertyFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("deleted property", log_entry)
         self.assertIn("prop2", log_entry)
 
+
+    def test_set_property_with_policy_and_source(self):
+        creator_id = entity.insert_creator(self.cur, "CreatorPolicy", "pubkey_policy")
+        person_id = entity.enroll_person(
+            self.cur, "PersonPolicy", "pubkey_person", creator_id
+        )
+
+        property.set_property(
+            self.cur,
+            person_id,
+            "prop_policy",
+            validation_policy="strict",
+            source="unit-test",
+        )
+
+        details = property.get_property(self.cur, person_id, "prop_policy")
+        self.assertIsNotNone(details)
+        self.assertEqual(details["validation_policy"].strip(), "strict")
+        self.assertEqual(details["source"], "unit-test")
+
+        log_entry = get_last_log(self.cur).lower()
+        self.assertIn("set property", log_entry)
+        self.assertIn("prop_policy", log_entry)
+        self.assertIn("strict", log_entry)
+
+
     # ------------------------------------------------------------
     # Immutability: revoked entity cannot mutate properties
     # ------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -93,4 +125,3 @@ class TestPropertyFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
 
         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
             property.delete_property(self.cur, person_id, "prop3")
-